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KMID : 1144420220370010084
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Acute and Critical Care
2022 Volume.37 No. 1 p.84 ~ p.93
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Clinical characteristics and outcomes of critically ill COVID-19 patients in Sfax, Tunisia
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Bahloul Mabrouk
Kharrat Sana
Chtara Kamilia
Hafdhi Malek
Turki Olfa
Baccouche Najeh
Ammar Rania
Kallel Nozha
Hsairi Majdi
Chakroun-Walha Olfa
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Abstract
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Background: Africa, like the rest of the world, has been impacted by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. However, only a few studies covering this subject in Africa have been published.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of critically ill adult COVID-19 patients?all of whom had a confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection?admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of Habib Bourguiba University Hospital (Sfax, Tunisia).
Results: A total of 96 patients were admitted into our ICU for respiratory distress due to COVID-19 infection. Mean age was 62.4±12.8 years and median age was 64 years. Mean arterial oxygen tension (PaO2)/fractional inspired oxygen (FiO2) ratio was 105±60 and ≤300 in all cases but one. Oxygen support was required for all patients (100%) and invasive mechanical ventilation for 38 (40%). Prone positioning was applied in 67 patients (70%). Within the study period, 47 of the 96 patients died (49%). Multivariate analysis showed that the factors associated with poor outcome were the development of acute renal failure (odds ratio [OR], 6.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.75?25.9), the use of mechanical ventilation (OR, 5.8; 95% CI, 1.54?22.0), and serum cholinesterase (SChE) activity lower than 5,000 UI/L (OR, 5.0; 95% CI, 1.34?19).
Conclusions: In this retrospective cohort study of critically ill patients admitted to the ICU in Sfax, Tunisia, for acute respiratory failure following COVID-19 infection, the mortality rate was high. The development of acute renal failure, the use of mechanical ventilation, and SChE activity lower than 5,000 UI/L were associated with a poor outcome.
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KEYWORD
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COVID-19, intensive care unit, prognosis, respiratory distress
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